I-Helicobacter pylori (HP) iyibhaktheriya ehlala esiswini futhi inamathele ku-gastric mucosa kanye nezikhala ze-intercellular, okubangela ukuvuvukala.Ukutheleleka nge-HP kungenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu ezibangelwa amagciwane, zithelela izigidigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele.Ziyimbangela ehamba phambili yezilonda kanye ne-gastritis (ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwesisu).

Ukutheleleka okuphezulu ezinganeni kanye nokuhlanganiswa komndeni yizimpawu ezibalulekile zokutheleleka nge-HP, futhi ukudluliswa komndeni kungase kube umzila oyinhloko Ukutheleleka kwe-HP kuyimbangela enkulu ye-gastritis esebenzayo engapheli, isilonda se-peptic, i-gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, kanye umdlavuza wesisu.Ngo-1994, i-World Health Organization/International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO/IARC) yaqoka i-Helicobacter pylori njenge-class I carcinogen.

I-gastric mucosa - isivikelo somzimba wesisu

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, udonga lwesisu lunochungechunge lwezindlela eziphelele zokuzivikela (ukukhishwa kwe-gastric acid kanye ne-protease, ukuvikelwa kwezingqimba zamafinyila ezingancibiliki nezincibilikayo, ukuzivocavoca okuvamile, njll.), ezingamelana nokuhlasela kwezinkulungwane zama-microorganisms. ezingena ngomlomo.

I-HP ine-flagella ezimele kanye nesakhiwo se-helical esiyingqayizivele, esingagcini nje ngokudlala indima yokubambisa ngesikhathi sekoloni yamagciwane, kodwa futhi ingaba yindilinga futhi yakhe i-morphology yokuzivikela ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Helicobacter pylori ingakhiqiza ubuthi obuhlukahlukene, obunquma ukuthi i-Helicobacter pylori ingadlula ungqimba lwejusi yesisu ngamandla ayo futhi imelane ne-gastric acid nezinye izici ezingathandeki, ibe ukuphela kwe-microorganism engaphila esiswini somuntu. .

I-Pathogenesis ye-Helicobacter pylori

1. Enamandla

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-Helicobacter pylori inamandla aqinile okuhamba endaweni ye-viscous, futhi i-flagella iyadingeka ukuze amabhaktheriya abhukude engqimbeni ye-mucus evikelayo ebusweni be-mucosa yesisu.

2. I-Endotoxin-associated protein A (CagA) kanye ne-vacuolar toxin (VacA)

Iphrotheni ehlobene ne-Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) ekhiqizwe yi-HP ingabangela impendulo yendawo yokuvuvukala.Ukutheleleka nge-CagA-positive Helicobacter pylori kungandisa kakhulu ingozi ye-atrophic gastritis, i-metaplasia yamathumbu kanye nomdlavuza wesisu.

I-Vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) ingenye into ebaluleke kakhulu ye-pathogenic ye-Helicobacter pylori, engangena ku-mitochondria ukuze ilawule ukusebenza kwama-organelles.

3. Flagellin

Amaprotheni amabili e-flagellar, i-FlaA ne-FlaB, ahlanganisa izingxenye ezinkulu ze-flagellar filaments.Izinguquko ku-flagellin glycosylation zithinta i-strain motility.Lapho izinga le-FlaA protein glycosylation lenyuswa, kokubili ikhono lokufuduka kanye nomthwalo wekholoni wobunzima wanda.

4. Urease

I-Urease ikhiqiza i-NH3 ne-CO2 nge-hydrolyzing urea, eyenza i-asidi yesisu ingabi namandla futhi inyuse i-pH yamaseli azungezile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-urease ibamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni ukuvuvukala futhi ikhuthaza ukunamathela ngokusebenzisana nama-CD74 receptors kumaseli e-epithelial esiswini.

5. Iphrotheni yokwethuka kokushisa i-HSP60/GroEL

I-Helicobacter pylori imunca uchungechunge lwamaphrotheni okushisa agcinwe kakhulu, lapho ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Hsp60 ne-urease ku-E. coli kwandisa kakhulu umsebenzi we-urease, okuvumela i-pathogen ukuthi ijwayele futhi iphile endaweni enobutha yemvelo yesisu somuntu.

6. Amaprotheni ahlobene ne-hook 2 homolog FliD

I-FliD iyiphrotheni yesakhiwo evikela ichopho le-flagella futhi ingafaka ngokuphindaphindiwe i-flagellar ukuze kukhule imicu ye-flagellar.I-FliD iphinde isetshenziswe njenge-molecule yokunamathela, eqaphela ama-molecule e-glycosaminoglycan yamaseli abamba.Kumabuthi amagciwane, amasosha omzimba angama-anti-flid izimpawu zokutheleleka futhi angasetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa kwe-serological.

Izindlela Zokuhlola:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwendle: Ukuhlolwa kwe-stool antigen kuwukuhlola okungahlaseli kwe-H. pylori.Ukusebenza kuphephile, kulula futhi kuyashesha, futhi akudingi ukuphathwa ngomlomo kwanoma yimaphi ama-reagents.

2. Ukutholwa kwe-Serum antibody: Uma ukutheleleka kwe-Helicobacter pylori kwenzeka emzimbeni, umzimba womuntu uzoba nama-anti-Helicobacter pylori amasosha omzimba egazini ngenxa yokusabela komzimba.Ngokudweba igazi ukuhlola ukugcwala kwamasosha omzimba e-Helicobacter pylori, kungabonisa ukuthi ikhona yini i-Helicobacter pylori emzimbeni.ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya.

3. Ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula: Lena indlela yokuhlola edume kakhulu njengamanje.I-urea yomlomo equkethe i-13C noma i-14C, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuphefumula kokuphefumula kwe-carbon dioxide equkethe i-13C noma i-14C ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ngoba uma kune-Helicobacter pylori, i-urea izotholwa yi-urea yayo ethile.Ama-enzyme ahlukana abe i-ammonia ne-carbon dioxide, ekhishwa emaphashini ngegazi.

4. I-Endoscopy: ivumela ukubhekwa ngokucophelela kwezici ze-gastric mucosal ezifana nokubomvu, ukuvuvukala, izinguquko ze-nodular, njll;i-endoscopy ayifaneleki iziguli ezinezinkinga ezinzima noma eziphikisanayo kanye nezindleko ezengeziwe (i-anesthesia, i-forceps) ).

Imikhiqizo ehlobene ne-Bioantibody ye-H.i-pyloriizincomo:

I-H. Pylori Antigen Rapid Test Kit (Lateral Chromatography)

Ikhithi Yokuhlola Esheshayo Ye-H. Pylori Antibody (Lateral Chromatography)